What is at the "heart" of hypothesis testing in statistics?
(This is a reading assessment question. Be certain of your answer because you only get one attempt on this question.)
A. Determine whether a statement is true.
B. Make an assumption about reality, and collect sample evidence to determine whether it contradicts the assumption.
C. Determine whether a statement is false.
D. None of the above

Step 1 ：This question is about the fundamental concept of hypothesis testing in statistics. Hypothesis testing is a statistical method that is used in making statistical decisions using experimental data. It is basically an assumption that we make about the population parameter. This assumption may or may not be true. Hypothesis testing is a critical tool in inferential statistics, for determining what outcomes of a study would lead to a rejection of the null hypothesis for a pre-specified level of significance. The core of this process involves formulating an assumption about a certain characteristic of the population, then collecting sample data, and finally making an inference about whether the collected data contradicts the initial assumption.

Step 2 ：Therefore, the answer should be B. Make an assumption about reality, and collect sample evidence to determine whether it contradicts the assumption.

Step 3 ：Final Answer: \(\boxed{\text{B. Make an assumption about reality, and collect sample evidence to determine whether it contradicts the assumption.}}\)