For the statement below, write the claim as a mathematical statement. State the null and alternative hypotheses and identify which represents the claim.

According to a recent survey, $47 \%$ of college students used their own income or savings to pay for college.

Write the claim as a mathematical statement.
A. $p< 0.47$
B. $p \leq 0.47$
C. $p> 0.47$
D. $p \neq 0.47$
E. $p=0.47$
F. $p \geq 0.47$

Step 1 ：The claim in the question is that 47% of college students used their own income or savings to pay for college. This can be written as a mathematical statement as \(p=0.47\), where \(p\) represents the proportion of college students who used their own income or savings to pay for college.

Step 2 ：The null hypothesis (H0) is usually a statement of no effect or no difference. It is the hypothesis that the researcher is trying to disprove. In this case, the null hypothesis would be that the proportion of college students who used their own income or savings to pay for college is not 47%, or \(p \neq 0.47\).

Step 3 ：The alternative hypothesis (H1) is the hypothesis that the researcher believes to be true and is trying to prove. In this case, the alternative hypothesis would be that the proportion of college students who used their own income or savings to pay for college is 47%, or \(p=0.47\).

Step 4 ：The claim in this case represents the alternative hypothesis.

Step 5 ：Final Answer: The claim as a mathematical statement is \(\boxed{E. p=0.47}\). The null hypothesis is \(p \neq 0.47\) and the alternative hypothesis (which represents the claim) is \(p=0.47\).