Problem

From the sample space $S=\{1,2,3,4, \ldots, 15\}$, a single number is to be selected at random. Given the following events, find the indicated probability.
A: The selected number is even.
B. The selected number is a multiple of 4 .
C. The selected number is a prime number
\[
\mathrm{P}(\mathrm{B} \mid \mathrm{A})
\]
\[
\mathrm{P}(\mathrm{B} \mid \mathrm{A})=\square
\]
(Simplify your answer.)

Answer

Expert–verified
Hide Steps
Answer

Final Answer: The conditional probability P(B|A) is approximately \(\boxed{0.43}\).

Steps

Step 1 :The problem is asking for the conditional probability of event B (the selected number is a multiple of 4) given that event A (the selected number is even) has occurred.

Step 2 :To find this, we need to know the total number of outcomes in event A and the number of outcomes in event B that are also in event A.

Step 3 :Event A consists of all even numbers in the sample space, which are {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14}. So there are 7 outcomes in event A.

Step 4 :Event B consists of all multiples of 4 in the sample space, which are {4, 8, 12}. So there are 3 outcomes in event B.

Step 5 :The outcomes in event B that are also in event A are still {4, 8, 12}, so there are 3 such outcomes.

Step 6 :The conditional probability P(B|A) is then the number of outcomes in B that are also in A divided by the total number of outcomes in A. This can be calculated as follows: \( \frac{3}{7} \approx 0.43 \)

Step 7 :Final Answer: The conditional probability P(B|A) is approximately \(\boxed{0.43}\).

link_gpt