Problem

For the experiment of drawing a single card from a standard 52-card deck, find (a) the probability of the following event, and (b) the odds in favor of the following event.
Neither a heart nor an ace

Answer

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Answer

Final Answer: The probability of drawing a card that is neither a heart nor an ace from a standard 52-card deck is approximately \(\boxed{0.6923}\), and the odds in favor of this event are \(\boxed{2.25 : 1}\).

Steps

Step 1 :A standard 52-card deck contains 4 suits: hearts, diamonds, clubs, and spades. Each suit has 13 cards: A, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, J, Q, K. So, there are 13 hearts and 4 aces in the deck. However, one of the aces is a heart, so we should not count it twice. Therefore, there are 13 hearts and 3 other aces, a total of 16 cards that are either a heart or an ace.

Step 2 :The remaining cards are neither a heart nor an ace. The probability of drawing one of these cards is the number of such cards divided by the total number of cards. The odds in favor of this event is the ratio of the number of favorable outcomes to the number of unfavorable outcomes.

Step 3 :Calculate the total number of cards, which is 52. The number of hearts is 13, and the number of aces is 4. However, since one of the aces is a heart, we subtract one from the total, resulting in 16 cards that are either a heart or an ace.

Step 4 :Subtract the number of hearts and aces from the total number of cards to find the number of cards that are neither a heart nor an ace, which is 36.

Step 5 :Calculate the probability of drawing a card that is neither a heart nor an ace by dividing the number of such cards by the total number of cards, which is approximately \(\frac{36}{52} = 0.6923\).

Step 6 :Calculate the odds in favor of drawing a card that is neither a heart nor an ace by dividing the number of favorable outcomes by the number of unfavorable outcomes, which is \(\frac{36}{16} = 2.25\).

Step 7 :Final Answer: The probability of drawing a card that is neither a heart nor an ace from a standard 52-card deck is approximately \(\boxed{0.6923}\), and the odds in favor of this event are \(\boxed{2.25 : 1}\).

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