Problem

Find the exact length of the polar curve r=cos4(θ/4).
Length =

Answer

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Answer

So, the exact length of the polar curve r=cos4(θ/4) is 163.

Steps

Step 1 :First, we need to find the length of the polar curve r=cos4(θ/4). The formula for the length of a polar curve is given by L=abr2+(drdθ)2dθ.

Step 2 :Here, r=cos4(θ/4), so we need to find drdθ.

Step 3 :Taking the derivative of r with respect to θ, we get drdθ=sin(θ/4)cos3(θ/4).

Step 4 :Substituting r and drdθ into the formula for L, we get L=02πcos8(θ/4)+sin2(θ/4)cos6(θ/4)dθ.

Step 5 :Since sin2(θ)=1cos2(θ), we can simplify the integrand to L=02πcos8(θ/4)+(1cos2(θ/4))cos6(θ/4)dθ.

Step 6 :Further simplifying, we get L=02πcos3(θ/4)dθ.

Step 7 :Integrating from 0 to 2π, we get L=80π/2cos3(x)dx.

Step 8 :Using the reduction formula for cosn(x)dx, where n is odd, we get L=8[13cos2(x)sin(x)+23cos(x)dx] evaluated from 0 to π/2.

Step 9 :Evaluating the integral and the limits, we get L=8[13cos2(x)sin(x)+23sin(x)]0π/2.

Step 10 :Finally, evaluating at the limits 0 and π/2, we get L=8[130+2310]=163.

Step 11 :So, the exact length of the polar curve r=cos4(θ/4) is 163.

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