Problem

'The function $f(x)$ changes value when $x$ changes from $x_{0}$ to $x_{0}+d x$
\[
f(x)=2 x^{3}-2 x, x_{0}=1, d x=0.2
\]
a. Find the change $\Delta f=f\left(x_{0}+d x\right)-f\left(x_{0}\right)$.
b. Find the value of the estimate $d f=f^{\prime}\left(x_{0}\right) d x$
c. Find the approximation error $|\Delta f-d f|$.

Answer

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Answer

The approximation error is given by $|\Delta f-df|=|1.728-0.8|=0.928$.

Steps

Step 1 :First, we need to find the value of the function $f(x)$ at $x_{0}$ and $x_{0}+dx$. Given $x_{0}=1$ and $dx=0.2$, we have $x_{0}+dx=1.2$.

Step 2 :Substitute $x_{0}=1$ into the function $f(x)=2x^{3}-2x$, we get $f(x_{0})=2(1)^{3}-2(1)=0$.

Step 3 :Substitute $x_{0}+dx=1.2$ into the function $f(x)$, we get $f(x_{0}+dx)=2(1.2)^{3}-2(1.2)=1.728$.

Step 4 :The change in the function $f(x)$ when $x$ changes from $x_{0}$ to $x_{0}+dx$ is given by $\Delta f=f(x_{0}+dx)-f(x_{0})=1.728-0=1.728$.

Step 5 :Next, we need to find the derivative of the function $f(x)$, $f'(x)=6x^{2}-2$.

Step 6 :Substitute $x_{0}=1$ into the derivative $f'(x)$, we get $f'(x_{0})=6(1)^{2}-2=4$.

Step 7 :The estimate of the change in the function $f(x)$ when $x$ changes from $x_{0}$ to $x_{0}+dx$ is given by $df=f'(x_{0})dx=4*0.2=0.8$.

Step 8 :The approximation error is given by $|\Delta f-df|=|1.728-0.8|=0.928$.

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