Problem

Use the properties of logarithms to evaluate each of the following expressions.
(a) $2 \log _{12} 2+\log _{12} 3=$
(b) $\ln e^{2}-\ln e^{11}=$

Answer

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Answer

Applying this property, we get $2 - 11 = -9$. So, $\ln e^{2}-\ln e^{11} = \boxed{-9}$

Steps

Step 1 :Use the properties of logarithms to evaluate each of the following expressions.

Step 2 :For (a) $2 \log _{12} 2+\log _{12} 3$, we can use the properties of logarithms to simplify the expression. The properties we will use are: $a \log_b c = \log_b c^a$ and $\log_b c + \log_b d = \log_b (c \cdot d)$

Step 3 :Applying these properties, we get $\log_{12} 2^2 + \log_{12} 3 = \log_{12} (4 \cdot 3) = \log_{12} 12$

Step 4 :Since the base and the argument are the same, the logarithm equals 1. So, $2 \log _{12} 2+\log _{12} 3 = \boxed{1}$

Step 5 :For (b) $\ln e^{2}-\ln e^{11}$, we can use the property of natural logarithms that $\ln e^a = a$

Step 6 :Applying this property, we get $2 - 11 = -9$. So, $\ln e^{2}-\ln e^{11} = \boxed{-9}$

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