Problem

Find the vertical tangents of the below polar curve.
\[
r=3 \cos \theta, 0 \leq \theta \leq \pi
\]
a. $\theta=0, \frac{\pi}{2}$
b. $\theta=\frac{\pi}{2}, \pi$
c. $\theta=0, \frac{\pi}{2}, \pi$
d. $\theta=\frac{\pi}{4}, \frac{3 \pi}{4}$

Answer

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Answer

Final Answer: The vertical tangents of the polar curve \(r=3 \cos \theta, 0 \leq \theta \leq \pi\) occur at \(\theta=0\) and \(\theta=\pi\). So, the correct answer is \(\boxed{\text{c. } \theta=0, \frac{\pi}{2}, \pi}\).

Steps

Step 1 :Given the polar curve \(r=3 \cos \theta, 0 \leq \theta \leq \pi\)

Step 2 :The vertical tangents of a polar curve occur when the derivative of the function is undefined or infinite. In polar coordinates, the derivative of the function is given by \(\frac{dr}{d\theta}\). We need to find the values of \(\theta\) for which this derivative is undefined or infinite.

Step 3 :Let's find the derivative of the function \(r\) with respect to \(\theta\): \(\frac{dr}{d\theta} = -3\sin(\theta)\)

Step 4 :The vertical tangents of the polar curve occur at \(\theta=0\) and \(\theta=\pi\). This is because the derivative of the function is zero at these points, indicating a vertical tangent.

Step 5 :Final Answer: The vertical tangents of the polar curve \(r=3 \cos \theta, 0 \leq \theta \leq \pi\) occur at \(\theta=0\) and \(\theta=\pi\). So, the correct answer is \(\boxed{\text{c. } \theta=0, \frac{\pi}{2}, \pi}\).

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