Step 1 :Given that the mean (\(\mu\)) is 98, the standard deviation (\(\sigma\)) is 4, and the data value (\(X\)) is 90.
Step 2 :The formula to calculate the z-score is \(Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}\).
Step 3 :Substitute the given values into the formula: \(Z = \frac{90 - 98}{4} = -2.0\).
Step 4 :So, the z-score for a data value of 90 is \(\boxed{-2.00}\).