Step 1 :Calculate the rate at which the student receives donations per hour using the given table.
Step 2 :Use the equation \(y=20x+500\) to calculate the total donations the professor receives for the given number of hours.
Step 3 :Compare the student's donations to the professor's donations for 8 hours, 2 hours, and 10 hours.
Step 4 :Determine the truth of the statements based on the calculations.
Step 5 :\( \text{Rate per hour for the student} = \frac{\text{Donations at 6 hours} - \text{Donations at 3 hours}}{\text{6 hours} - \text{3 hours}} = \frac{570 - 435}{6 - 3} = \frac{135}{3} = 45 \)
Step 6 :\( \text{Student donations for 8 hours} = 45 \times 8 = 360 \)
Step 7 :\( \text{Professor donations for 8 hours} = 20 \times 8 + 500 = 660 \)
Step 8 :\( \text{Student donations for 2 hours} = 45 \times 2 = 90 \)
Step 9 :\( \text{Professor donations for 2 hours} = 20 \times 2 + 500 = 540 \)
Step 10 :\( \text{Student donations for 10 hours} = 45 \times 10 = 450 \)
Step 11 :\( \text{Professor donations for 10 hours} = 20 \times 10 + 500 = 700 \)
Step 12 :\( \text{Statement 1 is false because both participants do not receive } \$660 \text{ when they dance for 8 hours.} \)
Step 13 :\( \text{Statement 2 is false because the student receives } \$45 \text{ per hour, not } \$145. \)
Step 14 :\( \text{Statement 3 is true because the professor received } \$500 \text{ in one-time donations.} \)
Step 15 :\( \text{Statement 4 is false because the professor receives more donations when they both dance for 2 hours.} \)
Step 16 :\( \text{Statement 5 is true because the professor receives more donations when they both dance for 10 hours.} \)
Step 17 :\( \boxed{\text{The professor received } \$ 500 \text{ in one-time donations.}} \)
Step 18 :\( \boxed{\text{The professor receives more donations when they both dance for 10 hours.}} \)