Problem

You select a family with four children. If $\mathrm{M}$ represents a male child and $\mathrm{F}$ a female child, the set of equally likely outcomes for the children's genders is shown below. Find the probability of selecting a family with at least one female child. \{FFFF, FFFM, FFMF, FMFF, MFFF, MFFM, MFMF, MMFF, FFMM, FMFM, FMMF, FMMM, MFMM, MMFM, MMMF, MMMM\} The probability of having at least one female child is $\square$. (Type an integer or a simplified fraction.)

Solution

Step 1 :The total number of outcomes is 16, as shown in the set.

Step 2 :The event of having at least one female child includes all outcomes except for the one where all children are male (MMMM).

Step 3 :So, there are 15 outcomes where there is at least one female child.

Step 4 :Therefore, the probability of selecting a family with at least one female child is \( \frac{15}{16} \).

Step 5 :So, the probability of having at least one female child is \( \frac{15}{16} \).

Step 6 :Let's check if this result meets the requirements of the problem. The problem asks for the probability of selecting a family with at least one female child. Our result is a probability, and it represents the correct event (at least one female child), so it does meet the requirements of the problem.

Step 7 :The final answer, simplified using Python code, is \( \boxed{\frac{15}{16}} \).

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Source: https://solvelyapp.com/problems/l4yElWRFuh/

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