Step 1 :The question is asking to identify which of the given scenarios uses a population parameter. A population parameter is a characteristic or measure that can be used to describe an entire population. In the context of these scenarios, a population parameter would be a statistic that is used to describe all members of a certain group, not just a sample.
Step 2 :Looking at the scenarios, the first one seems to be using a population parameter. It is stating a statistic about all children diagnosed with cancer in 2001, not just a sample. The other scenarios are all describing samples (e.g., 15 patients at a dentist office, attendees at a town council meeting, participants in a triathlon), not entire populations.
Step 3 :The statistical study that employs a population parameter is: 'In 2001, 78% of children diagnosed with cancer were in remission after five years, and this number is improving.'