Step 1 :Given that $\sin \theta = \frac{\sqrt{5}}{10}$, we can find $\sin^2 \theta$ as follows:
Step 2 :$\sin^2 \theta = \left(\frac{\sqrt{5}}{10}\right)^2 = \frac{5}{100}$
Step 3 :Using the Pythagorean identity $\sin^2 \theta + \cos^2 \theta = 1$, we can find $\cos^2 \theta$:
Step 4 :$\cos^2 \theta = 1 - \sin^2 \theta = 1 - \frac{5}{100} = \frac{95}{100}$
Step 5 :Since $\cos \theta < 0$, we can find the value of $\cos \theta$ as follows:
Step 6 :$\cos \theta = -\sqrt{\cos^2 \theta} = -\sqrt{\frac{95}{100}} = -\frac{\sqrt{95}}{10}$
Step 7 :\(\boxed{\cos \theta = -\frac{\sqrt{95}}{10}}\)