Step 1 :Given that the volume of a box with a square base and height $h$ is 17 cubic feet, we can express this as $l^2h = 17$.
Step 2 :Solving this equation for $h$, we get $h = \frac{17}{l^2}$.
Step 3 :The surface area of a box with a square base is given by the formula $A = 2l^2 + 4lh$.
Step 4 :Substituting $h = \frac{17}{l^2}$ into the surface area formula, we get $A = 2l^2 + \frac{68}{l}$.
Step 5 :Final Answer: The surface area of the box in terms of $l$ only is \(\boxed{2l^2 + \frac{68}{l}}\).