Step 1 :Given that the measure of two vertical angles are $58^{\circ}$ and $(3x+4)^{\circ}$, we know that the two vertical angles in a pair are always equal. Therefore, we can set up the equation $58 = 3x + 4$ and solve for $x$.
Step 2 :Solving the equation gives us $x = 18$.
Step 3 :Final Answer: The value of $x$ is \(\boxed{18}\).