Problem

The function $N(t)=\frac{300}{1+299 e^{-0.36 t}}$ describes the spread of a rumor among a group of people in an enclosed space. $N$ represents the number of people who have heard the rumor, and $t$ is measured in minutes since the rumor was started. Which of the following statements are true? Check all that apply. A. The rumor spreads at a constant rate of 0.36 people per minute. B. It will take 30 minutes for 100 people to hear the rumor. C. Initially, only one person had heard the rumor. D. There are 300 people in the enclosed space.

Solution

Step 1 :The function given is a logistic growth function, which is often used to model the spread of information, diseases, or populations. The function has the form \(N(t)=\frac{C}{1+Ae^{-kt}}\), where \(C\) is the carrying capacity (the maximum number of people who can hear the rumor), \(A\) is the initial amount (the number of people who have heard the rumor at \(t=0\)), and \(k\) is the growth rate.

Step 2 :From the function, we can see that \(C=300\), \(A=299\), and \(k=0.36\). This means that there are 300 people in the enclosed space, initially only one person had heard the rumor, and the growth rate is 0.36. However, the growth rate does not mean that the rumor spreads at a constant rate of 0.36 people per minute. Instead, it means that the rate at which the rumor spreads changes over time, with it spreading faster as more people hear the rumor and slower as fewer people remain who haven't heard the rumor.

Step 3 :To check statement B, we can substitute \(t=30\) into the function and see if \(N(30)=100\).

Step 4 :At \(t=30\), \(N\) is approximately 298.18, which means that almost all of the 300 people have heard the rumor. Therefore, statement B is not true. It does not take 30 minutes for 100 people to hear the rumor; in fact, almost everyone has heard the rumor by that time.

Step 5 :Final Answer: Statements C and D are true. The initial number of people who have heard the rumor is one, and there are 300 people in the enclosed space. The other statements are not true. The rumor does not spread at a constant rate of 0.36 people per minute, and it does not take 30 minutes for 100 people to hear the rumor. Therefore, the correct answer is \(\boxed{\text{C, D}}\).

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Source: https://solvelyapp.com/problems/18232/

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