Problem

For $f(x)=\sin ^{2} x-\cos x$, and $0 \leq x \leq \pi$, find the value(s) of $x$ for each condition listed below. NOTE: Enter the exact answers, or round to 3 decimal places if needed. (a) Number of local maxima: Choose one $\nabla$ (b) Number of local minima: Choose one $r$ (c) Global maximum at $x=$ (d) Global minimum at $x=$

Solution

Step 1 :First, we find the derivative of the function: $f'(x) = 2\sin{x}\cos{x} + \sin{x}$

Step 2 :To find the critical points, we set $f'(x) = 0$: $2\sin{x}\cos{x} + \sin{x} = 0$

Step 3 :Factor out \(\sin{x}\): $\sin{x}(2\cos{x} + 1) = 0$

Step 4 :The critical points are $x = 0, \pi, \frac{2\pi}{3}$

Step 5 :Next, we find the second derivative: $f''(x) = 2\cos^2{x} - 2\sin^2{x} - \cos{x}$

Step 6 :Evaluate $f''(x)$ at the critical points:

Step 7 :$f''(0) = 2 - 1 = 1 > 0$, so $x = 0$ is a local minimum

Step 8 :$f''(\pi) = 2 - 1 = 1 > 0$, so $x = \pi$ is a local minimum

Step 9 :$f''(\frac{2\pi}{3}) = 2\left(\frac{1}{4}\right) - 2\left(\frac{3}{4}\right) - \left(-\frac{1}{2}\right) = -1 < 0$, so $x = \frac{2\pi}{3}$ is a local maximum

Step 10 :Since there is only one local maximum, it is also the global maximum. Similarly, the global minimum is the smaller of the two local minima.

Step 11 :Thus, the global maximum is at $x = \frac{2\pi}{3}$ and the global minimum is at $x = 0$

Step 12 :\(\boxed{\text{(a) } x = \frac{2\pi}{3}}\)

Step 13 :\(\boxed{\text{(b) } x = 0, \pi}\)

Step 14 :\(\boxed{\text{(c) } x = \frac{2\pi}{3}}\)

Step 15 :\(\boxed{\text{(d) } x = 0}\)

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Source: https://solvelyapp.com/problems/16355/

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