Sofia and Ellen took part in a canoeing race and their progress was recorded in this distance-time graph. How much longer did it take Ellen to canoe the first $12 \mathrm{~km}$ of the race than Sofia? Give your answer in minutes. Key - Sofia ....- Ellen

Step 1 ：First, we need to find the time it took for Sofia and Ellen to canoe the first 12 km of the race. We can use the distance-time graph to find the time it took for each of them to reach 12 km.

Step 2 ：Using the graph, we can see that Sofia's speed is 4 km/h and Ellen's speed is 3 km/h. We can use the formula time = distance / speed to find the time it took for each of them to reach 12 km.

Step 3 ：For Sofia: \(time = \frac{12}{4} = 3\) hours

Step 4 ：For Ellen: \(time = \frac{12}{3} = 4\) hours

Step 5 ：Now, we need to find the difference between their times. \(time\_difference = Ellen\_time - Sofia\_time = 4 - 3 = 1\) hour

Step 6 ：Finally, we need to convert the time difference to minutes. \(time\_difference\_minutes = 1 \times 60 = 60\) minutes

Step 7 ：\(\boxed{60}\) minutes is the time it took Ellen longer to canoe the first 12 km of the race than Sofia.